The rise of various industrial activities in Indonesia has resulted in groundwater reserves in several areas experiencing drought. Excessive exploitation of groundwater in
several big cities such as Jakarta, Semarang. and Surabaya, resulting in sea water intrusion and land subsidence due to empty underground rivers.

Several ways to overcome the water crisis such as reforestation of deforested forests and injection of water on dry rivers underground in the rainy season has been carried out. However, this has not been able to solve the problem because groundwater reserves are still not will be fulfilled as long as groundwater exploitation by industry continues